Salmo.

Salmo is a genus of freshwater and anadromous fish within the family Salmonidae. It includes Atlantic salmon and the diverse group commonly referred to as brown trout. Species of this genus occur across Europe, North Africa, and western Asia, inhabiting rivers, lakes, and coastal waters. Members of the genus Salmo are highly adaptable and show great variation in size, coloration, and life history. Some species migrate to the sea before returning to freshwater to spawn, while others remain fully resident in rivers or lakes.
Current research suggests that approximately 46 species belong to the genus Salmo, of which around 26 are considered native to Europe, though exact numbers vary depending on the taxonomic framework used.

Species of the genus Salmo native to Europe.

Salmo aphelios (Lake Ohrid - Albania and North Macedonia)
Salmo balcanicus ((Lake Ohrid - Albania and North Macedonia)
Salmo carpio (Lake Garda - Italy)
Salmo cettii (Italy)
Salmo farioides (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Montenegro and North Macedonia)
Salmo ferox (UK and Ireland)
Salmo fibreni (Lake Posta Fibreno - Italy)
Salmo Ghigii (Italy)
Salmo letnica (Lake Ohrid - Albania and North Macedonia)
Salmo lourosensis (Louros River - Greece)
Salmo lumi (Lake Ohrid - Albania and North Macedonia)
Salmo macedonicus (upper Vardar drainage - North Macedonia)
Salmo marmoratus (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, Italy, Slovenia  and Switzerland)
Salmo montenigrinus ((Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro)
Salmo nigripinnis (Lough Melvin - Ireland)
Salmo obtusirostris (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Montenegro)
Salmo ohridanus (Lake Ohrid - Albania and North Macedonia)
Salmo pelagonicus (Greece and Macedonia)
Salmo peristericus ( Lakes Prespa basin - Albania, Greece and North Macedonia)
Salmo rhodanensis (France, Italy and Switzerland)
Salmo Salar (North Atlantic ocean)
Salmo schiefermuelleri (Austria)(Extinct)
Salmo stomachicus (Lough Melvin - Ireland)
Salmo taleri (Upper Zeta river and Moraca drainage - Montenegro)
Salmo Trutta (Europe and Asia)
Salmo zrmanjaensis (Zrmanja River - Croatia)

Other species of this genus.

This list will be updated.

A note on taxonomy and lineages.

The taxonomy of Salmo is complex and remains under active scientific discussion.
Many populations were historically grouped under Salmo trutta, but modern genetic research has revealed multiple distinct evolutionary lineages shaped by glacial isolation and long-term river basin separation.
Widespread historical stocking of non-native trout has further blurred natural boundaries through hybridization.
For conservation purposes, emphasis is increasingly placed on protecting native lineages and locally adapted populations, rather than relying solely on species names.